seven important facts about asp net

Categories-:
 Asp.net Interview Questions And Answers
C#.Net Interview Questions And Answers

Fact 1: ASP.NET Is Integrated with the .NET Framework

The .NET Framework is divided into an almost painstaking collection of functional parts, with a staggering total of more than 7,000 types (the .NET term for classes, structures, interfaces, and other core programming ingredients). Before you can program any type of .NET application, you need a basic understanding of those parts—and an understanding of why things are organized the way they are.
The massive collection of functionality that the .NET Framework provides is organized in a way that traditional Windows programmers will see as a happy improvement. Each one of the thousands of classes in the .NET Framework is grouped into a logical, hierarchical container called a namespace. Different namespaces provide different features. Taken together, the .NET namespaces offer functionality for nearly every aspect of distributed development from message queuing to security. This massive toolkit is called the class library.

Fact 2:ASP.NET Is Compiled, Not Interpreted

One of the major reasons for performance degradation in classic ASP pages is its use of interpreted script code. Every time an ASP page is executed, a scripting host on the web server needs to interpret the script code and translate it to lower-level machine code, line by line. This process is visibly slow.

ASP.NET applications are always compiled - in fact, it’s impossible to execute C# or Visual Basic code without it being compiled first.

Fact 3: ASP.NET Is Multilanguage

With ASP.NET there is no matter what language you use to develop your application, as the code is compiled in IL (Intermediate Languge). IL is a stepping stone for every managed application. (A managed application is any application that’s written for .NET and executes inside the managed environment of the CLR.) In a sense, <u>IL is the language of .NET, and it’s the only language that the CLR recognizes

 Fact 4: ASP.NET Is Hosted by the Common Language Runtime

Automatic memory management and garbage collection

:

Every time your application instantiates an object, the CLR allocates space on the managed heap for that object. However, you never need to clear this memory manually. As soon as your reference to an object goes out of scope (or your application ends), the object becomes available for garbage collection. The garbage collector runs periodically inside the CLR, automatically reclaiming unused memory for inaccessible objects. This model saves you from the low-level complexities of C++ memory handling and from the quirkiness of COM reference counting.

Type safety:

When you compile an application, .NET adds information to your assembly that indicates details such as the available classes, their members, their data types, and so on. As a result, your compiled code assemblies are completely self-sufficient. Other people can use them without requiring any other support files, and the compiler can verify that every call is valid at runtime. This extra layer of safety completely obliterates low-level errors such as the infamous buffer overflow.

Extensible metadata:

The information about classes and members is only one of the types of metadata that .NET stores in a compiled assembly. Metadata describes your code and allows you to provide additional information to the runtime or other services. For example, this metadata might tell a debugger how to trace your code, or it might tell Visual Studio how to display a custom control at design time. You could also use metadata to enable other runtime services (such as web methods or COM+ services).

Structured error handling:

If you’ve ever written any moderately useful Visual Basic or VBScript code, you’ll most likely be familiar with the limited resources these languages offer for error handling. With structured exception handling, you can organize your error-handling code logically and concisely. You can create separate blocks to deal with different types of errors. You can also nest exception handlers multiple layers deep.

Multithreading:

The CLR provides a pool of threads that various classes can use. For example, you can call methods, read files, or communicate with web services asynchronously, without

Fact 5: ASP.NET Is Object-Oriented

Asp provides a relatively feeble object model, On the other hand Asp.net is truly object oriented.

Not only does your code have full access to all objects in the .NET Framework, but you can also exploit all the conventions of an OOP (object-oriented programming) environment. For example, you can create reusable classes, standardize code with interfaces, extend existing classes with inheritance, and bundle useful functionality in a distributable, compiled component.

Fact 6: ASP.NET Is Multi-device and Multi-browser

One of the greatest challenges web developers face is the wide variety of browsers they need to support. Different browsers, versions, and configurations differ in their support of HTML. Web developers need to choose whether they should render their content according to HTML 3.2, HTML 4.0, or something else entirely.

ASP.NET addresses this problem in a remarkably intelligent way.

Although you can retrieve information about the client browser and its capabilities in an .

Asp.Net page.
For example:

ASP.NET’s validation controls, which use JavaScript and DHTML (Dynamic HTML) to enhance their behavior if the client supports it. This allows the validation controls to show dynamic error messages without the user needing to send the page back to the server for more processing.

Fact 7: ASP.NET Is Easy to Deploy and Configure

ASP.NET simplifies deployment process as :- Every installation of the .NET Framework provides the same core classes. As a result, deploying an ASP.NET application is relatively simple. For no-frills deployment, you simply need to copy all the files to a virtual directory on a production server (using an FTP program or even a command-line command like XCOPY). As long as the host machine has the .NET Framework, there are no time consuming registration steps.

c# .net interview question answers

What is C#?

C# is an object oriented, type safe and managed language that is compiled by .Net framework to generate Microsoft Intermediate Language.  

• C# is a new object-oriented language from Microsoft that is currently used for application development on the .NET platform.
• It exhibits features found in languages such as C++, Java, Smalltalk, and Perl, among others.
• C# has been submitted to the standards body.

What is the difference between abstract classes and interface?

Abstract class can have concrete methods while interfaces have no methods implemented.
Interfaces do not come in inheriting chain, while abstract classes come inheritance.

 What are the types of comment in C# with examples?
Single line
Eg:

   //This is a Single line comment

ii. Multiple line (/* */)
Eg: /* my name is chitranjan*/

What is the difference between public, static and void?
All these are access modifiers in C#.
Public:- Public declared variables or methods are accessible anywhere in the application.
Static:-  Static declared variables or methods are globally accessible without creating an instance of the class. The compiler stores the address of the method as the entry point and uses this information to begin execution before any objects are created.
Void:- Void is a type modifier that states that the method or variable does not return any value.

What are the namespaces used in C#.NET?

Namespace is a logical grouping of class.
• using System;
• using System.Collections.Generic;
• using System.Windows.Forms;

What is an object?
An object is an instance of a class through which we access the methods of that class. “New” keyword is used to create an object. A class that creates an object in memory will contain the information about the methods, variables and behavior of that class.

What are the characteristics of C#?

There are several characteristics of C# are :
• Simple
• Type safe
• Flexible
• Object oriented
• Compatible
• Consistent
• Interoperable
• Modern

What are the basic concepts of object oriented programming?

It is necessary to understand some of the concepts used extensively in object oriented programming.These include
• Objects
• Classes
• Data abstraction and encapsulation
• Inheritance
• Polymorphism
• Dynamic Binding
• Message passing.

What is an object? 
An object is an instance of a class through which we access the methods of that class. “New” keyword is used to create an object. A class that creates an object in memory will contain the information about the methods, variables and behavior of that class.

What is the difference between Object and Instance?
An instance of a user-defined type is called an object. We can instantiate many objects from one class.
An object is an instance of a class.

Define Constructors?  
A constructor is a member function in a class that has the same name as its class. The constructor is automatically invoked whenever an object class is created. It constructs the values of data members while initializing the class.
 

How to Prepare Yourself for the Interview

How to Prepare Yourself for the Interview

I would like to provide you some of the valuable tips that have been researched and may work wonder for you.
Following are the things you must be prepared about:
1)    Things to be prepared before interview

• Firstly analyze and re-read the job requirement detail and description and specification as well as nature of job. Match up the skills and knowledge you possess and the position you are interviewing for.
• Searching and collecting vital information about the company would surely work in favor of you. The better you can present your insights about the company, the more you can get your employer impressed.
• Expect some of the questions that would possibly be asked and accordingly prepare all the answers highlighting all your accomplishments, knowledge and skills through certain practical examples.
• Finding out the name as well as title of the interviewer followed by time and place is vitally important for you. And practice again and again.

2)    During the interview

• You must arrive 10-15 minutes earlier than normal schedule of interview.
• Choose out matching clothes and dress up professionally.
• On meeting the person interviewing you, make sure to maintain your eye contact, give warm smile and shake your hands firmly.
• Never forget to carry your portfolio such as (copies of your résumé, transcripts, references, etc.)…
• Show your positivity and enthusiasm because these are the qualities that are often sought by employers when it comes to determining suitability of any candidate for the post applied.
• Maintain confidence and time while answering the questions asked.
• Never forget to thank the employer after concluding the interview and firmly shake your hands and say good bye while leaving.

jquery form validation in asp.net

Introduction:

Validation is an important requirement in every enterprise application and every platform has its own implementation to this regards. In this article, I will illustrate how to implement client-side validation in ASP.NET using jQuery.

Description:

Now let's open the Visual Studio.NET and create a Web project for the example. Then add a new Web form for the user to enter some data below

Download the .js file and add you project in Scripts folder
Download Link is :Js Files
OR
Direct include the file like this
<script type="text/javascript" src="http://ajax.googleapis.com/ajax/libs/jquery/1.3.2/jquery.min.js"></script>
  <script type="text/javascript" src="http://ajax.microsoft.com/ajax/jquery.validate/1.5.5/jquery.validate.min.js"></script>

Jquery code for form validation as shown below

<head runat="server">   <title></title>   <link href="StyleSheet.css" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" />   <script type="text/javascript" src="Scripts/JScript.js"></script>   <script type="text/javascript" src="Scripts/JScript2.js"></script>   <script type="text/javascript">     $(document).ready(function () {       // Initialize validation on the entire ASP.NET form       $("#form1").validate({               onsubmit: false       });       $("#Order").click(function (evt) {             var isValid = $("#form1").valid();               if (!isValid)           evt.preventDefault();       });     });   </script> </head>

.aspx from code as shown below

<form id="form1" runat="server">     &nbsp;   <fieldset id="BillingInfo">     <legend>New User Registration</legend>     <label for="FirstName">First Name:</label>     <asp:TextBox runat="server" ID="FirstName" CssClass="required" />       <label for="LastName">Last Name:</label>     <asp:TextBox runat="server" ID="LastName" CssClass="required" />       <label for="Address">Address:</label>     <asp:TextBox runat="server" ID="Address" CssClass="required" />       <label for="City">City:</label>     <asp:TextBox runat="server" ID="City" CssClass="required" />       <label for="State">State:</label>     <asp:TextBox runat="server" ID="State" CssClass="required" />       <label for="Zip">Zip:</label>     <asp:TextBox runat="server" ID="Zip" CssClass="required digits" />       <asp:Button runat="server" ID="Order" Text="Submit " />   </fieldset> </form>

Full Image of Aspx Page Jquery and html code as show below

Output At the run time as shown below :- Click on Button then  get the jquery validation error corresponding to text box

2 : -Jquery Form Validation With Asp.Net With Source Code
In this example i will  explain how i can validated to email and text box using  jquery

Full Example as Show Below only Copy and Past this Code in our Page

<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"> <head runat="server">     <title>Jquery from validation</title>     <script src="http://code.jquery.com/jquery-latest.js"></script>   <script type="text/javascript" src="http://jzaefferer.github.com/jquery-validation/jquery.validate.js"></script> <style type="text/css"> * { font-family: Verdana; font-size: 96%; } label { width: 10em; float: left; } label.error { float: none; color: red; padding-left: .5em; vertical-align: top; } p { clear: both; } .submit { margin-left: 12em; } em { font-weight: bold; padding-right: 1em; vertical-align: top; } </style>  <script>       $(document).ready(function () {           $("#commentForm").validate();       });   </script> </head> <body>     <form  class="cmxform" id="commentForm" method="get" action="" runat="server">     <fieldset>    <legend>A simple comment form with submit validation and default messages</legend>    <p>      <label for="cname">Name</label>      <em>*</em><input id="cname" name="name" size="25" class="required" minlength="2" />    </p>    <p>      <label for="cemail">E-Mail</label>      <em>*</em><input id="cemail" name="email" size="25"  class="required email" />    </p>    <p>      <label for="curl">URL</label>      <em>  </em><input id="curl" name="url" size="25"  class="url" value="" />    </p>    <p>      <label for="ccomment">Your comment</label>      <em>*</em><textarea id="ccomment" name="comment" cols="22"  class="required"></textarea>    </p>    <p>      <input class="submit" type="submit" value="Submit"/>    </p>  </fieldset>     </form> </body> </html>

Screen Short As Shown Below

 

Download sample code attached

how to count number of button clicks in asp.net

Introduction:

Here, we will see how to check number of click on button click by the user.When user click on the button automatically increment by one.
Description:
In this article how i can count the user click on button .its a static counter when user refresh the page the counter start from zero. in my previous article i have explained how i can count the total click by the user on button click and display the result in text box.

Html file code as  shown below

Its a simple javascripts code for generate the number on button click by the user

<script type="text/javascript">
    var index = 0;

    function increment(var1) {
        index++;
        if (var1 == 1)
        { document.getElementById('button1').value = index; }
        else
        { document.getElementById('button2').value = index; }

    }
</script>
calling the javascript funtion on button click and display the total click by the user

<form id="form" runat="server">
    <div>
    <input type="button" id="button1" onclick="increment(0)" value="increment"/>
    <input type="button" id="button2" onclick="increment(1)" value="increment again"/>
    </div>
    </form>

Image for show all the complete code as show below

Example show below

Output Window

Download sample code attached

Count the number of times a submit button has been clicked

Count the number of times a submit button has been clicked

Introduction
  How i can find the user click on submit button in multipal time

GUI Html Code As Shown Below

<%@ Page Language="C#" AutoEventWireup="true" CodeFile="counter.aspx.cs" Inherits="counter" %>

<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">

<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
<head runat="server">
    <title></title>
</head>
<body>
    <form id="form1" runat="server">
    <div>
  
        <asp:Button ID="Button1" runat="server" onclick="Button1_Click"
            Text="counter" />
&nbsp; Show Total Click of Particular User
        <asp:TextBox ID="TextBox1" runat="server"></asp:TextBox>
  
    </div>
    </form>
</body>
</html>

From Image as shown below

 

On Button Click Couter Code Behind 

static int count = 0; 

protected void Button1_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)

    {
        count++;
        int totalcount = count;
        TextBox1.Text = totalcount.ToString();
    }

Output as shown below

 

Download sample code attached

Simple difference between String and StringBuilder asp.net

Simple difference between String and StringBuilder asp.net

The main difference beween string and stringbuilder is that when we are copying two string in the case of string concatination is done means that one string is attached to another string and attaced string is deleted, and one new memory allocation is done.it takes lot of time and this is time taking process.


but in case of stringbuilder copying two stings means string1 is appended to string2 or vice versa.no memory allocation and deletion of string.So it is very efficient process and it takes less time.

Difference Between String and String
String

1.Its a class used to handle strings.
2.Here concatenation is used to combine two strings.
3.String object is used to concatenate two strings.
4.The first string is combined to the other string by creating a new copy in the memory as a string object, and then the old
string is deleted
5.That is why  "Strings are immutable".
6. Slower
String Builder1.This is also the class used to handle strings.
2.Here Append method is used.
3.Here, Stringbuilder object is used.
4.Insertion is done on the existing string.
5.Usage of StringBuilder is more efficient in case large amounts of string manipulations have to be performed.
6. Faster

class Program{static void Main(string[] args){
//for example:
string str = "hello"; //Creates a new object when we concatenate any other words along with str variable it does not actually modify the str variable, instead it creates a whole new string.
str = str + " to all";Console.WriteLine(str);StringBuilder s = new StringBuilder("Hi");s.Append(" To All");Console.WriteLine(s);Console.Read();}}

query string in asp.net

Introduction:

The QueryString collection is used to retrieve the variable values in the HTTP query string.
The HTTP query string is specified by the values following the question mark (?),
 like this:
http://localhost:2525/QueryString/getquerystring.aspx?name=rahul&password=123.
 Query strings are included in bookmarks and in URLs that you pass in an e-mail. They are the only way to save a page state when copying and pasting a URL.

Description:

Now I have one page which contains one textbox and button control I need to send textbox value to another page when we click on button control for that we need to write the code like this

protected void Button1_Click(object sender, EventArgs e) { Response.Redirect("getquerystring.aspx?name="+this.txt_nm.Text); }

Or

In case if we need to send multiple parameters to another page we need to write code like this

protected void btnSend_Click(object sender, EventArgs e) { Response.Redirect("getquerystring.aspx?name="+this.txt_nm.Text+"&password="+this.txt_pass.Text); }

Now we need to get these values in another page (here I mentioned Default2.aspx) by using QueryString Parameter values with variable names or index values that would be like this

protected void Page_Load(object sender, EventArgs e) { string name = Request.QueryString["name"]; string password = Request.QueryString["password"]; }

first create new website and open Default.aspx page and write the following code

<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"> <head runat="server"> <title>QueryString Example in asp.net</title> </head> <body> <form id="form1" runat="server"> <div><b>QueryString Example</b></div><br /> <div> <table> <tr> <td><b>Enter the Name:</b></td> <td><asp:TextBox ID="txt_nm" runat="server"/></td> </tr> <tr> <td><b>Enter the Password</b></td> <td><asp:TextBox ID="txt_pass" runat="server"/></td> </tr> <tr> <td></td> <td><asp:Button ID="Button1" runat="server" onclick="Button1_Click"/></td> </tr> </table> </div> </form> </body> </html>

After that write the following code in code behind

protected void btnSend_Click(object sender, EventArgs e) { Response.Redirect("getquerystring.aspx?name="+txt_nm.Text+"&pasword="+txt_pass.Text); }

Now Right click on your website and Add New item and add new page (getquerystring.aspx) open that getquerystring.aspx page and write the following code

On  code behind

protected void Page_Load(object sender, EventArgs e)

{

 string name = Request.QueryString["name"];

 string password = Request.QueryString["password"];

Response.Write("name=" + name + "\t" + "password=" + pasword);

}

Example

 

Download sample code attached

run-java-program-from-command-prompt

First we check java is installed in our pc or not Open Command prompt -> type cmd ->press Enter-> type
java -version
show Example

If java in not install then follow this instruction as show below

how to run java program from command prompt Step by Step

1. Download JDK from windows.
first step is downloading correct version of JDK and correct installer for your machine. Since Java is supported for multiple platform you see lot of installer available for JDK. if you are running on windows PC than you should download Windows Installer of 32 bit machine since most of Windows desktop and laptop are 32 bit and until you know that its for Windows Server which can be 64 bit. If you are running on RedHat linux or Ubuntu than you can also download tar file.

What is difference between JDK,JRE and JVM?

 What is JIT compiler?

JDK DOWNLOAD LINK->JDK Download Link
2. Second step is to installing Java
If you are running on Windows PC than installing Java is just a cakewalk. just double click on Installer and it will install Java in your machine. it usually creates a folder under program files/Java/JDK_version , this folder is important because in many script this is refereed as JAVA_HOME and we will specify an environment variable JAVA_HOME pointing to this folder. If you are running in Linux or any Unix machine including AIX, Solaris etc. you just need to extract tar file and it will put all the binary in a folder this will be your JAVA_HOME in Linux.
3. Third Step is Setting PATH for Java.
for setting PATH you just need to append JAVA_HOME/bin in PATH environment variable. For step by step guide and details How to Set PATH for Java in Windows, Linux and Unix.

difference between Java platform and other platforms
java Path screen short
 Wirte Click on My computer and select Property

4. Testing Java PATH
Before you run your first Java program its better to test PATH for Java. Now open a command prompt in Windows just go to "Run" and type "cmd". Now type "java" or "javac" if you see large output means Java is in PATH and you are ready to execute Java program.

Example

5. Fifth step is to write your first Java program
Best program to quickly test anything is countShopKeepers , just type below program and save it into file called countShopKeepers.java

class countShopKeepers
{
    public static void main(String[] args)
    {
        int numberOfNewShopKeepers = 70;
        int numberOfNewReturningKeepers = 87;
        int numberofshoopers = 0;
        numberofshoopers = numberOfNewShopKeepers + numberOfNewReturningKeepers;

        System.out.println(numberofshoopers);

    }
}
save program   countShopKeepers.java  in c drive within mywork folder

Run Program From command frompt

open command

what is mongodb

what is mongodb

MongoDB is the leading NoSQL database, designed for how we build and run applications today. MongoDB empowers organizations to be agile and scalable. It helps them enable new types of applications, improve customer experience, accelerate time to market and reduce total cost of ownership (TCO).
MongoDB is a general purpose, open-source database. MongoDB features:

• Document data model with dynamic schemas
• Full, flexible index support and rich queries
• Auto-Sharding for horizontal scalability
• Built-in replication for high availability
• Text search
• Advanced security
• Aggregation Framework and MapReduce
• Large media storage with GridFS
•  

 

 MongoDB is an open-source, high-performance, document-oriented database. Documents are JSON-like data structures stored in a format called BSON (bsonspec.org). Documents are stored in collections, each of which resides in its own database. Collections can be thought of as the equivalent of a table in an RDBMS. There are no fixed schemas in MongoDB, so documents with different “shapes” can be stored in the same collection. 

MongoDB features full index support (including secondary and compound indexes); indexes are specified per collection. There is a rich, document-based query language (see reverse) that leverages these indexes. MongoDB also provides sophisticated atomic update modifiers (see reverse) to keep code contention-free. 

Clustered setups are supported, including easy replication for high availability, as well as auto-sharding for write-scaling and large data-set sizes.

Organizations of all sizes use MongoDB to quickly and easily develop, scale and operate applications. Instead of storing data in rows and columns as one would with a relational database, MongoDB stores a binary form of JSON documents (BSON).

Dev’Backup/Restore
MongoDB ability to dumpadb/collection empowers developer
Possible to restore part of the production data set simply on a development box
Backup a MongoDB by collections in S3,recoverondev’platform in a matter of minutes
What we expect from our NoSQLDBMS and our compromise No downtime
:Hig havailability
No migrationcost Easy to deploy,redeploy,replicate,reconfigure
Quietly losing seconds of writes is preferable to weekly minutes-long maintenances periods
minutes-long unscheduled downtime and manual failover in case of hardware failure.

About MongoDB

MongoDB is a document-oriented database and each document has its own structure. Unlike a RDBMS in which each record must conform to the structure of its table, each document in MongoDB can have a different structure; you don’t have to define a schema for documents before saving them in the database.
MongoDB groups document objects into collections. You can think of a collection as a table like you would create in a RDBMS, but the difference as I said before is that they won’t force you to define a schema before you can store something.

With MongoDB, you can embed a document inside another one, which is really useful for cases where there is a one-to-one relationship. In a typical RDBMS you’d need to create two tables and link them together with a foreign key to achieve the same result. MongoDB doesn’t support joins, which some people see as a con. But if you organize your data correctly then you’ll find you don’t need joins, which is a pro since you’ll benefit from very high performance.

It’s worth mentioning the aim of MongoDB and NoSQL isn’t to kill off RDBMS. RDBMSs are still a very good solution for most of the development world’s needs, but they do have their weaknesses, most noticeably the need to define a rigid schema for your data which is one problem NoSQL tries to solve.

Example is Coming Soon Related to MongoDB